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Some phenomena in the media are older than is generally recognized. As observed in  [History], some of the conventions of the 20th century comic books draw directly or indirectly on an even longer visual tradition: speech balloons can be found in the eighteenth century prints, which are in turn an adaptation of the 'text scrolls' coming from the mouths of the Virgin and other figures in medieval religious art.

In other words, mixed media have their origin in the medieval era, where both visual material and textual material were part of the rethorics of institutionalized religion.

material

level 0: basic material

level 0: basic material