include <RingBuffer.h>
  include <exception>
  include <fstream>
  include <iostream>
  include <cassert>
  include <sstream>
  using namespace std;
  
  RingBuffer debugBuf;
  
  class ComplicatedClass
  {
  public:
    ComplicatedClass() {}
    ~ComplicatedClass() {}
  };
  
  class UserCommand
  {
  public:
    UserCommand() {}
  };
  
  ostream& operator<<(ostream& ostr, const ComplicatedClass& src);
  ostream& operator<<(ostream& ostr, const UserCommand& src);
  UserCommand getNextCommand(ComplicatedClass* obj);
  void processUserCommand(UserCommand& cmd);
  void trickyFunction(ComplicatedClass* obj) throw(exception);
  
  int main(int argc, char** argv)
  {
    // Print the command-line arguments
    for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
      debugBuf.addEntry(argv[i]);
    }
  
    trickyFunction(new ComplicatedClass());
  
    // Print the current contents of the debug buffer to cout
    cout << debugBuf;
  
    return (0);
  }
  
  ostream& operator<<(ostream& ostr, const ComplicatedClass& src)
  {
    ostr << "ComplicatedClass";
    return (ostr);
  }
  
  ostream& operator<<(ostream& ostr, const UserCommand& src)
  {
    ostr << "UserCommand";
    return (ostr);
  }
  
  UserCommand getNextCommand(ComplicatedClass* obj)
  {
    UserCommand cmd;
    return (cmd);
  }
  
  void processUserCommand(UserCommand& cmd)
  {
    // details omitted for brevity
  }
  
  void trickyFunction(ComplicatedClass* obj) throw(exception)
  {
    assert(obj != NULL);
  
    // trace log the values with which this function starts
    ostringstream ostr;
    ostr << "trickyFunction(): given argument: " << *obj;
    debugBuf.addEntry(ostr.str());
  
    while (true) {
      UserCommand cmd = getNextCommand(obj);
  
      ostringstream ostr;
      ostr << "trickyFunction(): retrieved cmd " << cmd;
      debugBuf.addEntry(ostr.str());
  
      try {
        processUserCommand(cmd);
      } catch (exception& e) {
        string msg = "trickyFunction(): received exception from procesUserCommand():";
        msg += e.what();
        debugBuf.addEntry(msg);
        throw;
      }
      break;
    }
  }