// Set a global variable, foo, equal to test
  var foo = "test";
  
  // Within an if block
  if ( true ) {
      // Set foo equal to 'new test'
      // NOTE: This is still within the global scope!
      var foo = "new test";
  }
  
  // As we can see here, as foo is now equal to 'new test'
  alert( foo == "new test" );
  
  // Create a function that will modify the variable foo
  function test() {
      var foo = "old test";
  }
  
  // However, when called, 'foo' remains within the scope
  // of the function
  test();
  
  // Which is confirmed, as foo is still equal to 'new test'
  alert( foo == "new test" );