// Ex11_01.cpp   Native windows program to display text in a window
  include <windows.h>
  
  LRESULT WINAPI WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message,
                            WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
  
     // Insert code for WinMain() here (Listing OFWIN_1)
  // Listing OFWIN_1
  int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
  {
    WNDCLASSEX WindowClass;     // Structure to hold our window's attributes
  
    static LPCTSTR szAppName = L"OFWin";      // Define window class name
    HWND hWnd;                                // Window handle
    MSG msg;                                  // Windows message structure
  
    WindowClass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);  // Set structure size
  
    // Redraw the window if the size changes
    WindowClass.style   = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
  
    // Define the message handling function
    WindowClass.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
  
    WindowClass.cbClsExtra = 0;     // No extra bytes after the window class
    WindowClass.cbWndExtra = 0;     // structure or the window instance
  
    WindowClass.hInstance = hInstance;        // Application instance handle
  
    // Set default application icon
    WindowClass.hIcon = LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION);
  
    // Set window cursor to be the standard arrow
    WindowClass.hCursor = LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW);
  
    // Set gray brush for background color
    WindowClass.hbrBackground = 
                            static_cast<HBRUSH>(GetStockObject(GRAY_BRUSH));
  
    WindowClass.lpszMenuName = 0;             // No menu
    WindowClass.lpszClassName = szAppName;    // Set class name
    WindowClass.hIconSm = 0;                  // Default small icon
  
    // Now register our window class
    RegisterClassEx(&WindowClass);
  
    // Now we can create the window
    hWnd = CreateWindow(
            szAppName,                       // the window class name
            L"A Basic Window the Hard Way",   // The window title
            WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,             // Window style as overlapped
            CW_USEDEFAULT,          // Default screen position of  upper left
            CW_USEDEFAULT,          // corner of our window as x,y...
            CW_USEDEFAULT,          // Default window size
            CW_USEDEFAULT,          // .... 
            0,                      // No parent window
            0,                      // No menu
            hInstance,              // Program Instance handle
            0                       // No window creation data
          );
  
    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);     // Display the window
    UpdateWindow(hWnd);             // Cause window client area to be drawn
  
    // The message loop
    while(GetMessage(&msg, 0, 0, 0) == TRUE)  // Get any messages
    {
      TranslateMessage(&msg);                 // Translate the message
      DispatchMessage(&msg);                  // Dispatch the message
    }
  
    return static_cast<int>(msg.wParam);      // End, so return to Windows
  }
  
     // Insert code for WindowProc() here (Listing OFWIN_2)
  // Listing OFWIN_2
  LRESULT WINAPI WindowProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, 
                            WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
  {
    HDC hDC;                       // Display context handle
    PAINTSTRUCT PaintSt;           // Structure defining area to be drawn
    RECT aRect;                    // A working rectangle
  
    switch(message)                // Process selected messages
    {
      case WM_PAINT:                     // Message is to redraw the window
        hDC = BeginPaint(hWnd, &PaintSt);// Prepare to draw the window
  
        // Get upper left and lower right of client area
        GetClientRect(hWnd, &aRect);
  
        SetBkMode(hDC, TRANSPARENT);     // Set text background mode
  
        // Now draw the text in the window client area
        DrawText(
               hDC,                 // Device context handle
               L"But, soft! What light through yonder window breaks?",
               -1,                  // Indicate null terminated string
               &aRect,              // Rectangle in which text is to be drawn
               DT_SINGLELINE|       // Text format - single line
               DT_CENTER|           //             - centered in the line
               DT_VCENTER);         //             - line centered in aRect
  
        EndPaint(hWnd, &PaintSt);   // Terminate window redraw operation
        return 0;
  
      case WM_DESTROY:              // Window is being destroyed
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
  
      default:                      // Any other message - we don't
                                    // want to know, so call
                                    // default message processing
        return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
  }