// Soln7_3.cpp
  
  include <iostream>                   // For stream input/output
  
  using std::cout;
  using std::endl;
  
  struct Sample
  {
     int one;
     int two;
     char* sptr;
  };
  
  void showSample(Sample* pSample)
  {
     cout << pSample->one << "," << pSample->two << "," << pSample->sptr;
  }
  
  int main()
  {
     Sample a;
     Sample b;
     char* s = "hello world!";
     a.one = 1;
     a.two = 2;
     a.sptr = new char[strlen(s)+1];
     strcpy_s(a.sptr, strlen(s)+1, s);
  
     b.one = b.two = 9999;
     b.sptr = "rubbish";
  
     cout << "a=("; 
     showSample(&a); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     // b contains values 9999 and a pointer to "rubbish"
     cout << "b=(";
     showSample(&b); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     b = a;
     cout << "\nAfter copying a to b:" << endl;
     cout << "b=("; 
     showSample(&b); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     a.sptr[0] = 'H';                           // Change string in a
     cout << "\nAfter modifying the string in a to start with 'H', b has also changed:" << endl;
     cout << "a=("; 
     showSample(&a); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     cout << "b=("; 
     showSample(&b); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     // To avoid the two structs pointing to the same string you
     // must create a copy of the string from a, and store its pointer in b.sptr
     b.one = a.one;
     b.two = a.two;
     b.sptr = new char[strlen(a.sptr)+1];
     strcpy_s(b.sptr, strlen(a.sptr)+1, a.sptr);
     cout << "\nAfter copying members of a to b, replicating the string:" << endl;
     cout << "a=("; 
     showSample(&a); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     cout << "b=("; 
     showSample(&b); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     a.sptr[0] = 'h';
     cout << "\nAfter modifying the string in a once more to start with 'h', b has not changed:" << endl;
     cout << "a=("; 
     showSample(&a); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     cout << "b=("; 
     showSample(&b); 
     cout << ")" << endl;
  
     return 0;
  }