Substitution
x[x:=N] == N
y[x:=N] == y
if
x != y
(%l y.M)[x:=N] == %l y.(M[x:=N])
(M_1 M_2 ) [x:=N]
==
(M_1 [x:=N]) (M_2[x:=N])
slide
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The lambda calculus -- substitution